• Treg-specific AMPKα1 knockout leads to significant reductions in eosinophil populations in bone marrow and thymus, and alters thymic structure and size.
• The knockout causes a decrease in immature double-negative (DN) thymocytes, leading to reduced CD4+ T cell generation, while increasing DN1 and DN4 subsets.
• Peripheral blood and spleen show increased CD4+ T cell proportions, with decreased mature CD8+ T cells and altered myeloid cell composition (reduced neutrophils, increased monocytes).
• Lymph nodes exhibit disrupted architecture (blurred medullary boundaries, missing follicles) and reduced CD3+ and CD8+ T cell populations, indicating immune microenvironment remodeling.