The nuclei of human adult stem cells can move within the cell and generate cellular protrusions to contact other cells

• Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) enter an intermediate cellular state during neural transdifferentiation where nuclei exhibit dynamic movement and shape changes. • Cell nuclei of hBM-MSCs can generate cellular protrusions to contact neighboring cells, suggesting a novel mechanism of intercellular communication. • This study provides first evidence that nuclei sense their environment, challenging traditional views of nuclear rigidity and passive positioning. • Understanding nuclear dynamics during transdifferentiation may enhance regenerative medicine applications and disease modeling.