• Identified BMI and baseline IGF-1 as significant clinical predictors of ΔIGF-1 after 4 weeks of r-hGH therapy in GHD children.
• Discovered 38 SNPs in 18 genes significantly associated with ΔIGF-1, with 4 SNPs in HSD3B1 and INSR showing strong correlation (P<0.01).
• Applied elastic net algorithm to integrate clinical and genetic factors, enhancing prediction accuracy of treatment response.
• Findings support personalized r-hGH dosing strategies to optimize growth outcomes in GHD children.