• RNA secondary structures are critical regulators of alternative splicing, influencing splice site selection and exon definition.
• Aberrant RNA conformations are directly linked to splicing defects that underlie various human diseases, highlighting their clinical relevance.
• Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) represent a promising therapeutic strategy to correct aberrant splicing by targeting RNA structures.
• Future development of RNA-targeted therapies requires a deeper understanding of the dynamic interplay between RNA structure, splicing factors, and cellular environment.