Phase separation participates in the genetic regulation mechanism of hematopoietic stem cells: potential therapeutic methods

• Phase separation is a novel intracellular regulatory mechanism that forms membrane-less organelles and is implicated in the functional regulation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). • The review highlights the interplay between phase separation and genetic, epigenetic, and microenvironmental regulation of HSCs, offering potential therapeutic targets for diseases like leukemia. • Understanding phase separation mechanisms may lead to novel targeted therapies for HSC-related disorders, addressing a gap in current clinical approaches. • The paper emphasizes the need for deeper exploration of phase separation's role in HSC genetic regulation to translate findings into clinical applications.