• mRNA export is a critical regulatory step in gene expression, tightly coupled with pre-mRNA processing to ensure only mature mRNAs reach the cytoplasm.
• Export factors not only facilitate transport but also influence upstream processing steps, adding complexity to gene regulation.
• The export process competes with RNA processing and degradation pathways, maintaining a delicate balance essential for accurate gene expression.
• While mechanisms are conserved, higher eukaryotes exhibit significant differences due to increased genome complexity, necessitating multiple adaptor proteins and sophisticated surveillance systems.