LncRNA SNHG1 enhances cartilage regeneration by modulating chondrogenic differentiation and angiogenesis potentials of JBMMSCs via mitochondrial function regulation

• LncRNA SNHG1 enhances chondrogenic differentiation of human jaw bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (h-JBMMSCs) in vitro, as evidenced by increased Alcian blue, Masson's trichrome, and modified Sirius red staining. • SNHG1 promotes angiogenesis in vitro and microvessel formation in vivo, contributing to improved cartilage repair in a rabbit knee defect model. • Mechanistically, SNHG1 modulates mitochondrial function by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increasing mitochondrial membrane potential, and it activates the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway. • These findings suggest that SNHG1 is a promising therapeutic target for cartilage regeneration, offering a potential strategy for treating cartilage defects.