iPSC-derived lung and lung cancer organoid model to evaluate cisplatin encapsulated autologous iPSC-derived mesenchymal stromal cell-isolated extracellular vesicles

• Established a proof-of-principle pipeline for generating patient-specific lung cancer and healthy lung organoids from iPSCs and tumor tissue, enabling personalized drug testing. • Demonstrated successful differentiation of iPSCs into branching lung organoids (BLO) and patient-matched lung cancer organoids (LCO) with appropriate lung and cancer marker expression. • Showed that iPSC-MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) can be loaded with cisplatin, but at the tested low concentration (0.07 µg/mL) they did not induce cytotoxicity in organoid models, highlighting the need for optimized drug loading and dosing. • Concluded that while the pipeline is feasible for research, its time- and labor-intensive nature currently limits its application in personalized medicine approaches.