Hand tendon suturing: optimization of traditional suture techniques and application of novel repair materials

• Global research on hand tendon repair has grown fluctuantly over the past two decades, with the US, China, and Europe as major contributors. • Flexor tendon repair research emphasizes biomechanics and novel materials, while extensor tendon repair focuses on functional recovery and complex injuries. • Biomaterials and regenerative medicine are emerging as key research hotspots, driving precision medicine in tendon repair. • Future advancements will rely on interdisciplinary collaboration and advanced material integration to optimize repair outcomes.