Effect of zoledronic acid on jaw bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in mice with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw

• Zoledronic acid impairs extraction socket healing in mice, leading to poor bone and mucosal healing with increased inflammatory infiltration. • Zoledronic acid significantly inhibits the proliferation and migration of jaw bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. • Zoledronic acid suppresses osteogenic differentiation of jaw bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, as evidenced by reduced alkaline phosphatase activity, decreased calcium nodule formation, and downregulation of osteogenic markers. • The adverse effects of zoledronic acid on extraction socket healing may be mediated through its inhibitory effects on jaw bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.