Dysregulated immunometabolism in gut inflammation

• Metabolic reprogramming in immune cells is a key regulator of their function and phenotypic switching in gut inflammation, influencing disease progression. • Disrupted glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation drive macrophage polarization, while bile acid metabolites modulate Th17/Treg balance, highlighting the role of cellular metabolism and microenvironmental metabolites. • Gut dysbiosis interacts with immune cell metabolism to shape inflammatory responses in IBD, infectious enteritis, and other intestinal disorders. • Targeting immunometabolic pathways offers novel therapeutic strategies for managing gut inflammatory diseases by restoring immune homeostasis.