Cannabidiol alleviates the inflammatory response in rats with traumatic brain injury through the PGE2-EP2-cAMP-PKA signaling pathway

• Cannabidiol (CBD) significantly improves neurological outcomes, reduces neuronal damage, and preserves blood-brain barrier integrity in a rat model of traumatic brain injury (TBI). • CBD attenuates TBI-induced astrocyte activation and neuroinflammation by downregulating key prostaglandin system indicators. • The neuroprotective effects of CBD are mediated through the PGE2-EP2-cAMP-PKA signaling pathway, as confirmed by EP2 and PKA inhibitors. • This study identifies CBD as a promising therapeutic candidate for clinical management of TBI, addressing a critical gap in effective treatments.