• Immune cells, including macrophages, neutrophils, T cells, and B cells, play a crucial role in fibrotic diseases by influencing myofibroblast differentiation and function through various molecular mechanisms.
• Recent advances highlight the potential of pro-resolving lipid mediators in modulating innate immune cell function to delay fibrosis progression and promote inflammation resolution, particularly in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
• Bibliometric analysis reveals a paradigm shift from single-organ fibrosis research to a shared immune mechanism perspective, with increasing focus on molecular and cellular targeted regulation across multiple organs.
• China, the United States, and Germany are the leading contributors, with core keywords including liver fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, macrophages, expression, and activation, indicating key research hotspots.