• A novel neural graft combining chitosan, acellular microtissues, and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells significantly enhances peripheral nerve regeneration in a rat model.
• Acellular microtissues preserve the extracellular matrix and improve the microstructure of acellular nerves, promoting cell functionality and axonal growth.
• The combination therapy (Chitosan + Acellular-MT + ADSC) yields superior myelin sheath quality and functional recovery compared to controls.
• This approach offers a promising, safe, and effective clinical strategy for treating peripheral nerve defects, addressing limitations of current acellular nerve grafts.