Total flavonoids of litchi seed attenuates cellular senescence by inhibiting the production of SASP through p65 suppression and ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis

• TFL delays replicative and stress-induced cellular senescence and alleviates SASP. • TFL reduces DNA damage and counteracts bleomycin-induced pulmonary senescence and fibrosis. • Mechanistically, TFL suppresses p65 expression, inhibiting IL-1α/IL-1β and delaying senescence. • TFL reverses gut microbiome changes induced by bleomycin, suggesting a potential anti-aging therapeutic.