Targeting cellular senescence in progenitor cells as a strategy to enhance bone regeneration by cell therapies: a systematic review of pre-clinical investigations

• Cellular senescence markers (p16Ink4a, p21, p53, β-Gal, ROS, SASP) are consistently associated with reduced osteogenic potential and impaired bone regeneration. • Bone marrow is the predominant cell source in aging-related bone regeneration studies, highlighting its clinical relevance. • Targeting senescence markers through interventional strategies may rejuvenate progenitor cells and enhance regenerative outcomes. • The systematic review underscores the need for standardized senescence marker assessment to improve translational applications.