• Single-session hyperbaric oxygen therapy effectively improves physiological monitoring indicators of exercise-induced fatigue, such as heart rate and heart rate variability, but shows limited or controversial effects on biochemical markers like blood urea and creatine kinase.
• The differential response may be due to variations in fatigue induction protocols, insufficient oxygen dosage, and the metabolic dynamics of biochemical indicators.
• When biochemical markers are significantly altered, single-session hyperbaric oxygen may be insufficient, necessitating higher doses or multiple sessions.
• Future research should focus on comparing different hyperbaric oxygen protocols, optimizing intervention timing, and developing a comprehensive evaluation framework.