Role of chondrocyte ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis

• Chondrocyte ferroptosis is a key pathological mechanism in osteoarthritis, driven by iron overload and lipid peroxidation. • Downregulation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) is a critical event in chondrocyte ferroptosis. • Antioxidant nanomaterials, multifunctional hydrogels, and stem cell-derived exosomes show promising intervention effects against chondrocyte ferroptosis. • Current research is limited to preclinical studies; further investigation is needed on ferroptosis-related signaling pathways and material-biointerface interactions.