Role and mechanism of exercise-regulated miRNAs in cardiac remodeling after acute myocardial infarction

• Specific miRNAs (e.g., miR-126, miR-29 family, miR-222) play critical roles in cardiac remodeling after acute myocardial infarction by targeting signaling pathways involved in angiogenesis, fibrosis, and calcium homeostasis, providing precise molecular targets for cardiac repair. • Exercise, as a non-pharmacological intervention, improves cardiac function after acute myocardial infarction by modulating miRNA expression, with mechanisms involving upregulation of miR-126, miR-29, miR-214-3p, and miR-222. • miRNAs exhibit dual roles as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in acute myocardial infarction, offering novel molecular tools for early diagnosis, efficacy monitoring, and prognosis assessment. • Combining exercise with pharmacological agents or nutrients (e.g., vitamin D3) can enhance the therapeutic effects of miRNA regulation, suggesting potential for integrated treatment strategies.