Prevascularization of electrospun PCL/PLA scaffolds using human adipose-derived stem and endothelial cells enhances vascular integration and host angiogenesis in vivo

• Co-culture of AD-MSCs and HPAECs on electrospun PCL/PLA scaffolds successfully forms prevascularized networks in vitro, which monocultures fail to achieve. • Prevascularized scaffolds implanted on the CAM model demonstrate functional anastomosis with host vasculature, as evidenced by perfused human microvessels containing chicken erythrocytes. • AD-MSC-only scaffolds significantly enhance host angiogenesis (2.8-fold increase in vessel branching points), highlighting the paracrine pro-angiogenic role of AD-MSCs. • The bilayer scaffold design with wide-meshed and fine-meshed layers supports cell infiltration and mechanical stability, offering a promising strategy for tissue engineering applications.