• Odanacatib-loaded PLGA microspheres (ODN-MS) were successfully prepared with spherical morphology and porous surface, enabling sustained drug release.
• Incorporation of ODN-MS into GelMA hydrogel (ODN-MS-Gel) provided a dual sustained-release system with more gradual drug release kinetics.
• ODN-MS-Gel extracts promoted proliferation of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells without affecting cell viability, indicating good cytocompatibility.
• ODN-MS-Gel enhanced cell adhesion compared to GelMA alone or PLGA microsphere-loaded gel, supporting its potential for periodontal bone regeneration.