NLRP3 inflammasome activity and pyroptosis are involved in CD206+ macrophage activation by MPO anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies

• MPO-ANCA IgG activates the NLRP3 inflammasome and induces pyroptosis in macrophages, contributing to AAV pathogenesis. • CD206 (encoded by MRC1) is critical for MPO-ANCA IgG-induced inflammasome activation, as silencing MRC1 reduces this response. • NLRP3 expression is elevated in kidneys of active AAV patients, with increased cleaved caspase-1 and GSDMD in PBMCs, indicating inflammasome involvement. • The JNK signaling pathway and increased MPO expression are associated with MPO-ANCA IgG-induced inflammasome activation, offering potential therapeutic targets.