Morroniside promotes skin wound re-epithelialization by facilitating epidermal stem cell proliferation through GLP-1R-mediated upregulation of β-catenin expression

• Morroniside accelerates skin wound healing by promoting re-epithelialization through enhanced epidermal stem cell proliferation. • The compound acts via GLP-1R-mediated activation of PKA, PI3K/AKT, and ERK pathways, leading to increased β-catenin expression. • Upregulation of β-catenin subsequently elevates cyclin D1, cyclin E1, and c-Myc, driving G1-to-S cell cycle progression in EpSCs. • Topical application of morroniside increases EpSC proliferation and key signaling molecules in periwound tissue, suggesting clinical potential for wound treatment.