• Mitophagy dysfunction leads to accumulation of damaged mitochondria, oxidative stress, and energy metabolism disorders, contributing to muscle atrophy.
• Drosophila models are valuable for studying mitophagy and muscle atrophy due to conserved muscle structure and genetic tractability.
• Key molecular players include PINK1/Parkin, BNIP3/NIX, FUNDC1, and lipids, which are involved in mitophagy pathways.
• Drosophila models facilitate drug screening and identification of therapeutic targets for muscle atrophy.