• miR-133b-3p is downregulated in Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy models, and its overexpression reverses hypertrophic and apoptotic effects.
• CDIP1 is identified as a direct target of miR-133b-3p, and miR-133b-3p negatively regulates CDIP1 expression.
• Silencing CDIP1 suppresses Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and apoptosis, mimicking the protective effect of miR-133b-3p.
• miR-133b-3p may serve as a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for pathological cardiac hypertrophy.