Mesenchymal stem cell therapy in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis-related lower limb gangrene: a case report

• This is the first reported case of using mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy to treat lower limb gangrene in an 11-year-old patient with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) refractory to glucocorticoids. • A combination of systemic and local MSC administration (intravenous, intramuscular, and hydrogel) led to normalized eosinophil counts, restored blood flow, and significant healing of foot ulcers, preventing amputation. • MSC therapy may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for severe EGPA cases that do not respond to conventional immunosuppressive treatments. • The successful outcome suggests that MSCs could be a promising option for managing ischemic complications in autoimmune vasculitis, warranting further clinical investigation.