Medication Timing: A Systematic Review of Clinical Research, Design, and Methodological Perspectives

• Chronotherapy can improve medication efficacy and reduce side effects for certain drug classes, especially in cardiovascular and endocrine disorders. • Despite promising evidence, clinical adoption of medication timing is limited by insufficient data, lack of guidelines, and practical barriers. • Patient-specific factors such as chronotype, genetics, and lifestyle significantly influence optimal timing, necessitating personalized approaches. • Future research should focus on large-scale, randomized controlled trials to establish evidence-based timing protocols and integrate them into clinical decision-making.