• AMF inoculation significantly enhances soil macroaggregate formation and stability in reclaimed mining soils, improving soil structure.
• Combined AMF and organic amendment application boosts soil organic carbon (SOC) by 32% and aggregate stability by 45% relative to control.
• AMF increases glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) content, contributing to carbon sequestration and soil quality.
• AMF-based bioremediation offers a sustainable and effective approach for ecological restoration of degraded mining areas.