• Senescence-like neutrophils (CXCR4hiCD62Llo) are significantly elevated in SLE patients and correlate with disease activity and autoantibody production.
• These neutrophils exhibit impaired immunosuppressive capacity, failing to suppress NK cell and CD4+ T cell proinflammatory activity.
• The immunosuppressive effect is mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) production under physiological conditions.
• Senescence-like neutrophils may serve as biomarkers for SLE activity and offer a new therapeutic target.