reCAPTCHA Bot Shield Active Verifying human reader & generating high-resolution document...
Verifying Document Integrity15s remaining
Protected by Google reCAPTCHA v3.•Privacy•Terms Key Findings in This Report
• Physiological osmotic pressure enhances chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells compared to pathological osmotic pressure.
• Physiological osmotic pressure upregulates anabolic genes (aggrecan, collagen II) and downregulates catabolic genes (MMP13, MMP3) in chondrocytes.
• RNA-seq reveals downregulation of osteoarthritis-related signaling pathways under physiological osmotic pressure.
• Pathological osmotic pressure impairs cartilage matrix metabolism and may accelerate osteoarthritis progression.