• Gushukang Granules significantly improved muscle atrophy and bone trabecular microstructure in ovariectomized rats with sarcopenic osteoporosis.
• The treatment downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-alpha in both muscle and bone tissues.
• The treatment upregulated anabolic factors IGF-1 and osteocalcin, promoting muscle and bone formation.
• The mechanism likely involves modulation of muscle-bone crosstalk and balancing inflammatory and growth factor levels.