Characterization of Chemical Composition and Pharmacological Properties of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulations

• UHPLC-QTOF-MS identified 45 major bioactive compounds in the TCM formulation, including flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids. • Network pharmacology revealed 120 potential protein targets involved in inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress pathways. • In vitro assays confirmed significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, with IC50 values ranging from 10 to 50 μg/mL. • Molecular docking demonstrated strong binding affinities between key compounds and target proteins such as TNF-α and COX-2, supporting the formulation's therapeutic potential.