• Portal vein infusion of BMSCs significantly improves body weight recovery and reduces hepatic lipid accumulation in rats after scald injury.
• BMSC therapy normalizes serum lipid profiles and attenuates liver injury, indicating systemic metabolic benefits.
• Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal that BMSCs act via inhibition of NF-κB/Gadd45a signaling, restoration of sphingolipid metabolism, and suppression of adipocyte lipolysis.
• This study provides a theoretical foundation for clinical application of BMSCs in treating hepatic lipid metabolism disorders secondary to severe burn injury.