Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Viral Infection: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications

• ADE is a critical concern in vaccine development, as suboptimal antibody responses can enhance viral infection and disease severity. • Fc receptor-mediated uptake and complement activation are key mechanisms driving ADE in various viral infections. • Understanding ADE mechanisms is essential for designing safe and effective vaccines against emerging viral pathogens. • Novel vaccine strategies, such as targeting non-neutralizing epitopes or using engineered antibodies, may reduce ADE risk.