Anthocyanins and flavonoids derived from Clitoria ternatea L. flower inhibit bladder cancer growth via suppressing fatty acid synthesis mediated by SREBP1 pathway

• DDH, a flavonoid- and anthocyanin-rich extract from Clitoria ternatea flowers, inhibits bladder cancer cell growth and enhances cisplatin efficacy in vitro and in vivo. • Mechanistically, DDH suppresses de novo fatty acid synthesis by downregulating SREBP1 and its downstream targets FASN, SCD1, and ACC. • Gallic acid stabilizes DDH and synergistically potentiates its anti-bladder cancer activity, suggesting a combination strategy. • Targeting the SREBP1 pathway represents a promising therapeutic approach for bladder cancer, with DDH showing good tolerance in mice.