Key Takeaways & Executive Findings
- •• Sanwu Jiao (SW), a traditional aconitum complex formula, significantly improves neurological function and motor balance in a rat model of post-ischemic stroke. • SW treatment reduces cerebral edema and infarction volume, as evidenced by TTC staining, comparable to the positive control NBP. • SW ameliorates neuronal and neuroglial injury by increasing GFAP expression and promoting M2 microglia activation, indicating a neuroprotective mechanism. • The study provides systematic evidence supporting the traditional use of SW for post-ischemic stroke, highlighting its potential as a novel therapeutic candidate.
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, with ischemic strokes accounting for 60%–70% of cases in China. Current treatments focus on restoring neuron function, but effective therapies for post-ischemic stroke remain limited. Sanwu Jiao (SW), a traditional formula of aconitum complex from Yi ethnic medicine, has shown potential in improving hemiplegia in post-ischemic stroke patients. This study investigated the effects and pharmacological mechanism of SW in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Rats were treated with SW at three doses (450, 900, 1800 mg/kg/day) or NBP (positive control) for 14 days. Results showed that SW significantly improved neurological severity scores and motor function, reduced cerebral edema and infarction, and ameliorated neuronal and neuroglial injury, as indicated by increased GFAP expression and M2 microglia activation. These findings suggest that SW may be a promising therapeutic agent for post-ischemic stroke.
1. Introduction
Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, with more than 2 million new cases annually in China, of which 60%–70% are ischemic. Despite hospital treatment, 30% of patients die within a year, and over 80% of survivors suffer from motor disorders such as hemiplegia and aphasia, with 15%–30% permanently disabled. The pathogenesis involves inflammation, oxidative stress, blood-brain barrier damage, apoptosis, and neuronal damage. Current treatments focus on restoring neuron function, but effective therapies remain limited.
Sanwu Jiao (SW) is a traditional formula of aconitum complex originating from Yi ethnic medicine in Yunnan Province, dating to the Qing Dynasty. Composed of five herbs, SW has been used to improve hemiplegia in post-ischemic stroke patients. However, systematic research on its efficacy and mechanism is lacking. This study aims to investigate the effects and pharmacological mechanism of SW in a rat model of post-ischemic stroke induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).
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Ji Ma, Ruiqi Pu, Qinyang Zhou, Maoru Li, Jing Shang (2026). A traditional formula of aconitum complex alleviates post-ischemic stroke by improving neural function. Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica. https://doi.org/10.3724/abbs.2023291
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is Sanwu Jiao and how is it used in traditional medicine?
Sanwu Jiao (SW) is a traditional formula of aconitum complex from Yi ethnic medicine in Yunnan Province, China. It consists of five herbs and has been used to treat post-ischemic stroke symptoms such as hemiplegia.
What are the main findings of this study on Sanwu Jiao?
The study found that Sanwu Jiao significantly improved neurological function and motor balance in a rat model of post-ischemic stroke, reduced cerebral edema and infarction, and promoted neuroglial repair by increasing GFAP expression and M2 microglia activation.
How was the post-ischemic stroke model established in this research?
The researchers used a classical acute stroke rat model induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), which mimics ischemic stroke in humans.
What is the significance of this study for stroke treatment?
This study provides systematic evidence supporting the traditional use of Sanwu Jiao for post-ischemic stroke, suggesting it could be a promising therapeutic candidate for improving neural function and recovery.
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