Quality Evaluation of Fagopyri Dibotryis Rhizoma Tablets Based on Qualitative Analysis of HPLC Fingerprint, Q-TOF-MS/MS and Pattern Recognition Combined with Quantitative Analysis of Multi-Constituents

• • Q-TOF-MS/MS identified 53 constituents across 8 chemical classes, with 21 tannins and 12 phenolics dominating the profile; this comprehensive mapping enables marker-based quality control beyond simple fingerprint comparison. • • Nine quantified constituents showed significantly higher average content in company B tablets versus company A (P < 0.01), indicating raw material or process disparities that directly impact therapeutic consistency. • • HCA, PCA, and OPLS-DA independently clustered the 38 batches into two distinct groups corresponding to manufacturer, with common peaks 30, 29, 16, 17, 2, 21, 10, 11, 18, 20, and 27 (e.g., procyanidin C2, B2, C1, B1, B3, gallic acid, epicatechin) as discriminatory markers. • • The 33 common peaks and 53 identified compounds establish a robust chromatographic-ms fingerprint that can serve as a reference standard for batch-to-batch consistency and cross-manufacturer quality auditing.