Multi-Technology Integration, Development Status, Challenges and Future Prospects in Full-Chain Construction of Chinese Medicinal Materials Traceability System

• • Blockchain-integrated traceability pilots reduced counterfeit CMM incidents by 32% across 15 supply chains, but adoption remains below 20% among smallholder farms due to hardware costs exceeding $500 per node. • • UPLC-MS/MS metabolomics identified 47 differential chemical constituents between raw and steamed Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, with 12 absorbed into blood, providing a validated marker panel for processing quality control. • • The flexibility-ring enhanced graph neural network achieved 0.89 AUC in predicting molecular properties of complex TCM structures, outperforming conventional GNNs by 14% on a dataset of 2,300 compounds. • • In a D-galactose-induced skin aging model, Colla Corii Asini restored microvascular density by 41% via Tie2/Ang/VE-cadherin axis modulation (p < 0.01), suggesting a clinical pathway for aging-related vascular dysfunction.